Patients should be asked to go home and rest instead of swallowing antibiotics, according to health officials.
According to Public Health England (PHE), up to a fifth of antibiotic regulations are useless because many diseases improve on their own.
Excessive use of drugs makes it more difficult to treat infections through drug-resistant superbugs.
PHE says patients have a "role to play" to stop the onset of infections.
It is estimated:
✂ 5,000 people die annually in England due to drug-resistant infections
✂ Four out of 10 cases of E. coli infections in the blood can not be treated with first line antibiotics.
By 2050 drug-resistant infections worldwide are expected to kill more people than they currently die
Antibiotics are essential in sepsis, pneumonia, bacterial meningitis and other serious infections.
But PHE says antibiotics are not essential for all diseases.
Coughing or bronchitis can take up to three weeks to go away, but antibiotics reduce it within one or two days, he says.
Professor Paul Cosford, PHE's Medical Director, told the BBC: "We often do not need antibiotics for common conditions.
"Most of us will have infections from time to time and will recover because of our own immunity." He said patients should not go to their doctor to "wait for an antibiotic".
Instead, for infections that our body can handle, it's advice: To have a lot of rest
✂ use analgesics like paracetamol
✂ drink a lot of liquids
Professor Cosford said, "A doctor can tell you when antibiotics are really needed.
"The fact is that if you use antibiotics when you do not need it, you'll be more likely to have an infection for which antibiotics will not work in the coming months."
The Working Antibiotics Working Campaign will also show that patients spread leaves indicating how long it is normal to recover and the warning signs of a serious illness.
✂ Analysis: Apocalypse of antibiotics
✂ World at the beginning of the "post-antibiotic era"
✂ Oral sex spreads unstable bacteria
✂ The spread of supergonorrhea ensures great care "
Apocalypse
Bacteria are incredibly dull: once you attack them with antibiotics, they find ways to survive. People died of bedbugs that are resistant to all antibiotics.
England's medical director, Professor Dame Sally Davies, has already warned of a "post-antibiotic apocalypse".
If drugs fail, not only are infections more difficult to treat, but common medical procedures such as caesarean section and cancer treatments can be too risky.
Serious and drug-resistant infections are sent to Colindale's PHE laboratories in North London for analysis.
Professor Neil Woodford, who leads the antimicrobial resistance site, said that the most powerful antibiotics, such as carbapenems, failed more often.
He told: "When we return to 2005/07, we have seen these bacteria in two or four cases a year.
"Last year we confirmed these resistant bacteria in more than 2,000 cases."
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